According to Aviation Week, Rolls-Royce is nearing completion of critical dust-ingestion tests for its Trent XWB-97 engine upgrades aimed at the Airbus A350-1000. The company’s chief engineer Phil Curnock revealed they’re targeting double the time-on-wing for Middle East operations and about 50% improvement even in benign environments. This phase three upgrade represents a “bigger degree of change” compared to previous enhancements and follows four months of testing on an unmodified engine at their Derby facility. The current testing with upgraded components is wrapping up in the next couple months with positive results so far. Certification is scheduled for 2027 with entry into service planned for 2028. Further testing in 2026 will focus on fine-tuning blade cooling patterns and flight testing the updated configuration.
The desert durability challenge
Here’s the thing about operating in the Middle East – it’s absolutely brutal on jet engines. The constant ingestion of fine desert dust, technically called calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate or CMAS, basically sandblasts the hottest parts of the engine over time. We’re talking about the high-pressure turbine blades that spin at insane speeds while being cooked by combustion temperatures. Rolls-Royce has been systematically attacking this problem through multiple phases, and this current effort seems like their most ambitious yet.
Testing like the real world
What’s really interesting is their testing approach. They basically took a brand new engine without any upgrades and ran it through four months of simulated desert conditions at their Testbed 80 facility. Then they tore it down, examined exactly how it wore out, and are now running the exact same test with their upgraded components. Curnock called it “pushing them through that same sausage machine” – which is such a perfect engineering way to describe it. The fact that they’ve developed a testing regime that actually represents real-world operating conditions is huge. That’s the kind of validation that gives airlines confidence.
Broader implications
This isn’t just about fixing a problem for current operators. Rolls-Royce is clearly thinking about future sales campaigns in the Gulf region where the A350-1000 competes directly with Boeing’s 777X. When you can promise airlines that your engines will last twice as long in their specific operating environment, that’s a massive competitive advantage. And the fact that they’re seeing improvements even in “benign” environments suggests they’ve discovered some fundamental durability enhancements that could benefit all operators.
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What’s next
So where does this go from here? The 2026 testing phase will be crucial for fine-tuning, particularly the blade cooling patterns that Curnock mentioned. They’re essentially trying to push more cooling air to the blade tips to maintain tighter clearances as coatings wear. The flight testing will be equally important – they need to prove these durability improvements don’t accidentally mess with the engine’s fundamental operability. As Curnock put it, they want this to be “invisible to pilots and airframers.” If they can pull that off while dramatically improving durability, that’s engineering excellence right there.
